DBMS > ClickHouse vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.34
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	5.97
Rank	#57	Overall
	#6	Key-value stores

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	20.56
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Website

clickhouse.com

hazelcast.com

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

Technical documentation

clickhouse.com/docs

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

docs.nebula-graph.io

Developer

Clickhouse Inc.

Hazelcast

Microsoft

Vesoft Inc.

Initial release

2016

2008

2010

2016

2019

Current release

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

5.3.6, November 2023

V12

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.
ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Strong typed schema

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Supported programming languages

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
Java
PHP

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

Transact SQL

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

key based and custom

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

yes

Replicated Map

yes, with always 3 replicas available

yes

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.