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DBMS > Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Newts vs. Oracle vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Newts vs. Oracle vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFully managed big data interactive analytics platformTime Series DBMS based on CassandraWidely used RDBMSEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.07
Rank#375  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Score1244.08
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score3.41
Rank#86  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Websitewww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreropennms.github.io/­newtswww.oracle.com/­databaserocksdb.org
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorergithub.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikidocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasegithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wiki
DeveloperMicrosoftOpenNMS GroupOracleFacebook, Inc.
Initial release20102019201419802013
Current release8.1, December 2018cloud service with continuous releases23c, September 20239.2.1, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaC and C++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes infowith proprietary extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
JavaC
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RnoPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infobased on CassandraSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.selectable replication factor infobased on CassandraMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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