DBMS > Cassandra vs. mSQL vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Solr vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. mSQL vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Solr vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Search engine

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	1.27
Rank	#167	Overall
	#77	Relational DBMS

Score	2.95
Rank	#100	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Score	42.91
Rank	#24	Overall
	#3	Search engines

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

cassandra.apache.org

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

solr.apache.org

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

solr.apache.org/resources.html

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Hughes Technologies

Oracle

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2008

1994

2011

2006

2017

Current release

4.1.3, July 2023

4.4, October 2021

23.3, December 2023

9.6.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

free licenses can be provided

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

All OS with a Java VM

runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

yes

Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

yes

supports customizable data types and automatic typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

Solr Parallel SQL Interface

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java plugins

yes

Triggers

yes

User configurable commands triggered on index changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

none

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

optimistic locking

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Access rights for users and roles

yes

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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