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DBMS > Cassandra vs. LevelDB vs. Neo4j vs. Riak KV vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. LevelDB vs. Neo4j vs. Riak KV vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service
Primary database modelWide column storeKey-value storeGraph DBMSKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score4.01
Rank#79  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score44.27
Rank#23  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbneo4j.comwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.html
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdneo4j.com/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latesthelp.sap.com/­hana
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleNeo4j, Inc.OpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesSAP
Initial release20082011200720092010
Current release4.1.3, July 20231.23, February 20215.20, May 20243.2.0, December 20222.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editioncommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoalso available as a cloud based service
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java, ScalaErlang
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Appliance or cloud-service
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucenerestrictedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)nononoyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsErlangSQLScript, R
Triggersyesnoyes infovia event handleryes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"noneyes using Neo4j FabricSharding infono "single point of failure"yes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyselectable replication factoryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsno infolinks between data sets can be storedyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnoUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yes, using Riak Securityyes
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraLevelDBNeo4jRiak KVSAP HANA
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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