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DBMS > Cassandra vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. MySQL vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. MySQL vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used open source RDBMSRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelWide column storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIRDF store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.09
Rank#121  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1061.34
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.mysql.comrdf4j.org
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.lmdb.tech/­doclearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdev.mysql.com/­docrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookSymasMicrosoftOracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20082011198919952004
Current release4.1.3, July 20230.9.32, January 2024SQL Server 2022, November 20228.4.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC++C and C++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes infoproprietary syntaxyes
Triggersyesnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"nonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationhorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesno
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraLMDBMicrosoft SQL ServerMySQLRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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