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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Hypertable vs. MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Hypertable vs. MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopWidely used open source RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelWide column storeWide column storeRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1083.74
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.mysql.comwww.postgresql.orgtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdev.mysql.com/­docwww.postgresql.org/­docstrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookHypertable Inc.Oracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release2008200919951989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current release4.1.3, July 20230.9.8.11, March 20168.4.0, April 202416.2, February 20242.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaC++C and C++CC++, Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
C++ API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infoproprietary syntaxuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java Stored Procedures
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardinghorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabricpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleselectable replication factor on file system levelMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesnonoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnoUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraHypertableMySQLPostgreSQLTrafodion
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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CassandraHypertableMySQLPostgreSQLTrafodion
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