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DBMS > Cassandra vs. HyperSQL vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. HyperSQL vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonInterSystems IRIS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA containerised multi-model DBMS, interoperability and analytics data platform with wide capabilities for vertical and horizontal scalabilityMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score4.05
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#10  Key-value stores
#1  Object oriented DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orghsqldb.orgwww.intersystems.com/­products/­intersystems-iriswww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverorientdb.org
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latesthsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.intersystems.com/­irislatest/­csp/­docbook/­DocBook.UI.Page.clslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookInterSystemsMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release20082001201819892010
Current release4.1.3, July 20232.7.2, June 20232023.3, June 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20223.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesAIX
Linux
macOS
Ubuntu
Windows
Linux
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeschema-freeyesdepending on used data modelyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesyesyesSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava, SQLyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaJava, Javascript
TriggersyesyesyesyesHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"noneShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenoneSource-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBInterSystems IRISMicrosoft SQL ServerOrientDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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InterSystems IRIS is a complete cloud-first data platform which includes a multi-model...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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