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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. KairosDB vs. OrigoDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. KairosDB vs. OrigoDB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Distributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2A fully ACID in-memory object graph databaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.62
Rank#239  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#53  Document stores
#20  Object oriented DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdborigodb.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docskairosdb.github.ioorigodb.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleRobert Friberg et alPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2008201720132009 infounder the name LiveDB1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release4.1.3, July 20231.2.2, November 201816.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open SourceOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC#C
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesUser defined using .NET types and collectionsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infocan be achieved using .NETyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nonoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
.Net.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesnonoyes infoDomain Eventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingSharding infobased on Cassandrahorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronizedpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynodepending on modelyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoWrite ahead logyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)simple password-based access controlRole based authorizationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraGoogle Cloud SpannerKairosDBOrigoDBPostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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CassandraGoogle Cloud SpannerKairosDBOrigoDBPostgreSQL
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