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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HBase vs. Ingres vs. OpenSearch

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HBase vs. Ingres vs. OpenSearch

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonOpenSearch  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableWell established RDBMSA distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelWide column storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Wide column storeRelational DBMSSearch engine
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score30.50
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score16.36
Rank#37  Overall
#4  Search engines
Websitecassandra.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablehbase.apache.orgwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresgithub.com/­opensearch-project
opensearch.org
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docshbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.actian.com/­ingresopensearch.org/­docs/­latest
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetActian CorporationAmazon Web Services
Initial release2008201520081974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2021
Current release4.1.3, July 20232.3.4, January 202111.2, May 20222.5.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
  • Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
  • STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.
Implementation languageJavaJavaCJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free, schema definition possibleyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnooptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnonoyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)nonoyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby infoElasticsearch client
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infoCoprocessors in Javayesyes
Triggersyesnoyesyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' feature
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Ingres Replicatoryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsAtomic single-row operationsSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraGoogle Cloud BigtableHBaseIngresOpenSearch
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

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3rd partiesCassandra Forward event: Want to level up your Cassandra game? Watch now replays of the March 2023 sessions.
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CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
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Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
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More resources
CassandraGoogle Cloud BigtableHBaseIngresOpenSearch
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