DBMS > Cassandra vs. GBase vs. Ignite vs. NebulaGraph vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. GBase vs. Ignite vs. NebulaGraph vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

Apache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS and big data platform

Primary database model

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	1.07
Rank	#185	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	3.16
Rank	#96	Overall
	#15	Key-value stores
	#49	Relational DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	2.60
Rank	#107	Overall
	#8	Time Series DBMS

Website

cassandra.apache.org

www.gbase.cn

ignite.apache.org

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

github.com/taosdata/TDengine
tdengine.com

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

apacheignite.readme.io/docs

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.tdengine.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Apache Software Foundation

Vesoft Inc.

TDEngine, previously Taos Data

Initial release

2008

2004

2015

2019

Current release

4.1.3, July 2023

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

Apache Ignite 2.6

3.0, August 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

AGPL V3, also commercial editions available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C, Java, Python

C++, Java, .Net

C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Strong typed schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

Standard with numerous extensions

ANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDL

SQL-like query language

Standard SQL with extensions for time-series applications

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

yes (cache interceptors and events)

yes, via alarm monitoring

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

yes

yes (replicated cache)

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

yes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

yes

Security Hooks for custom implementations

Role-based access control

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

TDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more

Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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High Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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TDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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TDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

TDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more

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7 May 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.