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DBMS > Cassandra vs. FoundationDB vs. TDengine vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. FoundationDB vs. TDengine vs. YugabyteDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Time Series DBMS and big data platformHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Relational DBMSDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score2.63
Rank#109  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
www.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.tdengine.comdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookFoundationDBTDEngine, previously Taos DataYugabyte Inc.
Initial release2008201320192017
Current release4.1.3, July 20236.2.28, November 20203.0, August 20222.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageJavaC++CC and C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)supported in specific SQL layer onlyStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applicationsyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlynoyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersyesnoyes, via alarm monitoringyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingShardingHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesyesBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Linearizable consistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnoyesyes
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraFoundationDBTDengineYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
TDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
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YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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High Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
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PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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TDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
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Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
TDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
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2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
TDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more
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