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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score103.86
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score15.00
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.04
Rank#374  Overall
#38  Time Series DBMS
Score829.80
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score4.87
Rank#74  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.hawkular.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidelearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Community supported by Red HatMicrosoftTimescale
Initial release20082012201419892017
Current release4.1.3, July 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20222.13.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)nonoyesyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP RESTADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
Go
Java
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnolimited functionality with using 'rules'noTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
TriggersyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding infobased on Cassandratables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Eventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsyesnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectyes, based on authentication and database rulesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraFirebase Realtime DatabaseHawkular MetricsMicrosoft SQL ServerTimescaleDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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