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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Elasticsearch vs. MariaDB vs. Newts vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Elasticsearch vs. MariaDB vs. Newts vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Time Series DBMS based on CassandraEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelWide column storeSearch engineRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score91.04
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score0.07
Rank#375  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchmariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
opennms.github.io/­newtswww.stardog.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarygithub.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikidocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookElasticMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
OpenNMS GroupStardog-Union
Initial release200820102009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 199520142010
Current release4.1.3, July 20238.6, January 202311.3.2, February 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC and C++JavaJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyes infoDynamic columns are supportedschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languageyes infowith proprietary extensionsnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
HTTP REST
Java API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Java.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3nouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingseveral options for horizontal partitioning and ShardingSharding infobased on Cassandranone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
selectable replication factor infobased on CassandraMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesES-Hadoop Connectornonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACID infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationyes infowith MEMORY storage enginenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraElasticsearchMariaDBNewtsStardog
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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