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DBMS > Cassandra vs. EXASOL vs. NebulaGraph vs. RocksDB vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. EXASOL vs. NebulaGraph vs. RocksDB vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score3.65
Rank#85  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Score121.33
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.exasol.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
rocksdb.orgwww.snowflake.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.exasol.com/­resourcesdocs.nebula-graph.iogithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wikidocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookExasolVesoft Inc.Facebook, Inc.Snowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release20082000201920132014
Current release4.1.3, July 20238.11.4, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinuxhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesStrong typed schemaschema-freeyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.no
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesSQL-like query languagenoyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
C++ API
Java API
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
Lua
Python
R
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsuser defined functionsnouser defined functions
Triggersyesyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resources
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingShardinghorizontal partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleCausal Clustering using Raft protocolyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infoHadoop integrationnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlnoUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraEXASOLNebulaGraphRocksDBSnowflake
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
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