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DBMS > Cassandra vs. DolphinDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. DolphinDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonDolphinDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessDolphinDB is a high performance Time Series DBMS. It is integrated with an easy-to-use fully featured programming language and a high-volume high-velocity streaming analytics system. It offers operational simplicity, scalability, fault tolerance, and concurrency.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelWide column storeTime Series DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Wide column storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Relational DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score4.03
Rank#78  Overall
#6  Time Series DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.dolphindb.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablehbase.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.dolphindb.cn/­en/­help200/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docshbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookDolphinDB, IncGoogleApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoft
Initial release20082018201520082019
Current release4.1.3, July 2023v2.00.4, January 20222.3.4, January 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infofree community version availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
hostedLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free, schema definition possibleFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnooptions to bring your own types, AVROyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnonoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languagenonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
JSON over HTTP
Kafka
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC
OPC DA
OPC UA
RabbitMQ
WebSocket
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
MatLab
Python
R
Rust
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnoyes infoCoprocessors in JavaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesnonoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"horizontal partitioningShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesyesyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsyesAtomic single-row operationsSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)no
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAdministrators, Users, GroupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACAzure Active Directory Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraDolphinDBGoogle Cloud BigtableHBaseMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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