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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Citus vs. MariaDB vs. Sphinx vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Citus vs. MariaDB vs. Sphinx vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonSphinx  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Open source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databasesTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score93.21
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score5.98
Rank#56  Overall
#5  Search engines
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.citusdata.commariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
sphinxsearch.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.citusdata.commariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarysphinxsearch.com/­docsgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
Sphinx Technologies Inc.Aurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release200820102009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 199520012012
Current release4.1.3, July 20238.1, December 201811.3.2, February 20243.5.1, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availableOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial licence availableOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaCC and C++C++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoDynamic columns are supportedyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyes
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyes infofull-text index on all search fieldsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL-like query language (SphinxQL)no
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Proprietary protocolJava API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C++ infounofficial client library
Java
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby infounofficial client library
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3noyes
Triggersyesyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingseveral options for horizontal partitioning and ShardingSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supportedyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.yes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infowith MEMORY storage engine
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraCitusMariaDBSphinxTitan
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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