DBMS > BoltDB vs. Dgraph vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Dgraph vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embedded key-value store for Go.

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Distributed Event Store optimized for Internet of Things use cases

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Widely used RDBMS

Primary database model

Key-value store

Graph DBMS

Event Store
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.19
Rank	#323	Overall
	#2	Event Stores
	#28	Time Series DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

dgraph.io

www.ibm.com/products/db2-event-store

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.oracle.com/database

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

www.ibm.com/docs/en/db2-event-store

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

IBM

Microsoft

Oracle

Initial release

2013

2016

2017

1989

1980

Current release

2.0

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free developer edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux, macOS, Windows for the developer addition

Linux
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

through the embedded Spark runtime

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
DB2 Connect
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Synchronous replication via Raft

Active-active shard replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

No - written data is immutable

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Yes - Synchronous writes to local disk combined with replication and asynchronous writes in parquet format to permanent shared storage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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