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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Blazegraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Blazegraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Spatial extension of H2Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value store
Wide column store
Spatial DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgblazegraph.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.h2gis.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwiki.blazegraph.comcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaBlazegraphGoogleCNRSMicrosoft
Initial release20132006201520132010
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.1.5, March 2019V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoextended commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoLGPL 3.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedhosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoRDF literal typesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSPARQL is used as query languagenoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesnoyes infobased on H2Transact SQL
Triggersnononoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes infobased on H2yes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in Graphsnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes infobased on H2fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaBlazegraphGoogle Cloud BigtableH2GISMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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