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DBMS > Blazegraph vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. MonetDB

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. MonetDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA relational database management system that stores data in columns
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.74
Rank#217  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score0.97
Rank#191  Overall
#32  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#87  Relational DBMS
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#135  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Websiteblazegraph.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.monetdb.org
Technical documentationwiki.blazegraph.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.monetdb.org/­Documentation
DeveloperBlazegraphFoundationDBGoogleMicrosoftMonetDB BV
Initial release20062013201720102004
Current release2.1.5, March 20196.2.28, November 2020V12Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoRDF literal typesno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languagesupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensions
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin SQL-layer onlynoTransact SQLyes, in SQL, C, R
Triggersnononoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding via remote tables
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, with always 3 replicas availablenone infoSource-replica replication available in experimental status
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in Graphsin SQL-layer onlyyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)noAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
BlazegraphFoundationDBGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMonetDB
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