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DBMS > Blazegraph vs. Citus vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. GridGain vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. Citus vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. GridGain vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonGridGain  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformGridGain is an in-memory computing platform, built on Apache IgniteWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score1.47
Rank#154  Overall
#26  Key-value stores
#72  Relational DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websiteblazegraph.comwww.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.gridgain.comwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationwiki.blazegraph.comdocs.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.gridgain.com/­docs/­index.htmldocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperBlazegraphGoogleGridGain Systems, Inc.Oracle
Initial release20062010200820071980
Current release2.1.5, March 20198.1, December 2018GridGain 8.5.123c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCJava, C++, .NetC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoRDF literal typesyesyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (GQL)ANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.using Google App Engineyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)PL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
TriggersnoyesCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes (cache interceptors and events)yes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication using Paxosyes (replicated cache)Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)no infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in Graphsyesyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Security Hooks for custom implementationsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
BlazegraphCitusGoogle Cloud DatastoreGridGainOracle
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