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DBMS > ArcadeDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison ArcadeDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameArcadeDB  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewrittenA fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS infoin next version
Graph DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.10
Rank#358  Overall
#48  Document stores
#38  Graph DBMS
#52  Key-value stores
#35  Time Series DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#335  Overall
#31  Graph DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitearcadedb.comgithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servergithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.arcadedb.comhugegraph.apache.org/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.nebula-graph.iowww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperArcade DataBaiduMicrosoftVesoft Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20212018198920191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current releaseSeptember 20210.9SQL Server 2022, November 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS
Unix
Linux
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesStrong typed schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language, no joinsnoyesSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesJavaGroovy
Java
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresasynchronous Gremlin script jobsTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBasetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnovia hugegraph-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationship in graphsyes infoedges in graphyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers, roles and permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
ArcadeDBHugeGraphMicrosoft SQL ServerNebulaGraphPostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
ArcadeDBHugeGraphMicrosoft SQL ServerNebulaGraphPostgreSQL
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