DBMS > ArcadeDB vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph vs. Rockset

System Properties Comparison ArcadeDB vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph vs. Rockset

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewritten

Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBase

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

A scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDB

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS

in next version

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS
Search engine

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.02
Rank	#374	Overall
	#52	Document stores
	#38	Graph DBMS
	#56	Key-value stores
	#38	Time Series DBMS

Score	19.46
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS

Score	1.07
Rank	#180	Overall
	#31	Document stores

Website

arcadedb.com

www.firebirdsql.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

rockset.com

Technical documentation

docs.arcadedb.com

www.firebirdsql.org/en/reference-manuals

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.rockset.com

Developer

Arcade Data

Firebird Foundation

Microsoft

Vesoft Inc.

Rockset

Initial release

2021

2000

As fork of Borland's InterBase

1989

2019

Current release

September 2021

5.0.1, August 2024

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Initial Developer's Public License

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less

Firebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Strong typed schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

dynamic typing

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

ingestion from XML files supported

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

SQL-like query language

Read-only SQL queries, including JOINs

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin

ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC

Jaybird
ODBC
OLE DB

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

HTTP REST

Supported programming languages

Java

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

PSQL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Automatic sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Features a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writers

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset console

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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