DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Geode vs. SingleStore vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Geode vs. SingleStore vs. SQLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#131	Overall
	#23	Key-value stores

Score	5.60
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

geode.apache.org/docs

docs.singlestore.com

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

SingleStore Inc.

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2014

2002

2013

2000

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

1.1, February 2017

8.5, January 2024

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

commercial

free developer edition available

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++, Go

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

Linux

64 bit version required

server-less

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language (OQL)

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

hash partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Access rights per client and object definable

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
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