DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Elasticsearch vs. NebulaGraph vs. Redis vs. VictoriaMetrics

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Elasticsearch vs. NebulaGraph vs. Redis vs. VictoriaMetrics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments

Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies.

A fast, cost-effective and scalable Time Series DBMS and monitoring solution

Primary database model

Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store

with RedisJSON
Graph DBMS

with RedisGraph
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

with RediSearch
Time Series DBMS

with RedisTimeSeries
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.02
Rank	#130	Overall
	#63	Relational DBMS

Score	134.78
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	2.12
Rank	#125	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	156.44
Rank	#6	Overall
	#1	Key-value stores

Score	1.42
Rank	#161	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Website

phoenix.apache.org

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

redis.com
redis.io

victoriametrics.com

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.redis.com/latest/index.html
redis.io/docs

docs.victoriametrics.com
github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/wiki

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Elastic

Vesoft Inc.

Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo

Development sponsored by Redis Inc.

VictoriaMetrics

Initial release

2014

2010

2019

2009

2018

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

8.6, January 2023

7.2.4, January 2024

v1.91, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc.

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
OpenBSD

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

Strong typed schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

with RediSearch module

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

with RediSQL module

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol

Graphite protocol
InfluxDB Line Protocol
OpenTSDB
Prometheus Query API
Prometheus Remote Read/Write

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

user defined functions

Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github)

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Multi-source replication

with Redis Enterprise Pack
Source-replica replication

Chained replication is supported

Synchronous replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

ES-Hadoop Connector

through RedisGears

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases
Strong consistency with Redis Raft
Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Role-based access control

Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl
LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise
Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption
Password-based authentication

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