DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Citus vs. mSQL vs. Oracle vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Citus vs. mSQL vs. Oracle vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

Widely used RDBMS

Widely used in-process key-value store

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.06
Rank	#123	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	2.15
Rank	#117	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	1.27
Rank	#169	Overall
	#76	Relational DBMS

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	2.01
Rank	#126	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Website

phoenix.apache.org

www.citusdata.com

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

www.oracle.com/database

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

docs.citusdata.com

docs.oracle.com/en/database

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Hughes Technologies

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Initial release

2014

2010

1994

1980

1994

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

8.1, December 2018

4.4, October 2021

23c, September 2023

18.1.40, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

commercial

free licenses can be provided

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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