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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Citus vs. CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Citus vs. CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comcouchdb.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgdocs.citusdata.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablefirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Microsoft
Initial release20142010200520122010
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20198.1, December 20183.3.3, December 2023V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCErlangC++
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
LinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedhosted
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnonoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.View functions in JavaScriptlimited functionality with using 'rules'Transact SQL
TriggersnoyesyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache PhoenixCitusCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Firebase Realtime DatabaseMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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