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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Cassandra vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Cassandra vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Websitephoenix.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbdbmx.net/­tkrzw
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleMicrosoftMikio Hirabayashi
Initial release20142008201120142020
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20194.1.3, July 20231.23, February 20210.9.3, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infoJSON typesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnonoJavaScriptno
TriggersnoyesnoJavaScriptno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"noneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
selectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationyesnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infousing specific database classes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelno
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache PhoenixCassandraLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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