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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. CouchDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. CouchDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSDocument storeSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerElasticGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release20182005201020172010
Current release1.1.0, April 20233.3.3, December 20238.6, January 2023V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaErlangJavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedhosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like query languageyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptyesnoTransact SQL
Triggersyesyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and SparkyesES-Hadoop Connectoryes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possiblenoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoMemcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache IoTDBCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"ElasticsearchGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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