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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Cassandra vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sphinx vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Cassandra vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sphinx vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSphinx  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databasesScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Search engineRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score5.98
Rank#56  Overall
#5  Search engines
Score0.82
Rank#209  Overall
#97  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orgsphinxsearch.comvitess.io
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.postgresql.org/­docssphinxsearch.com/­docsvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSphinx Technologies Inc.The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release201820081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20012013
Current release1.1.0, April 20234.1.3, July 202316.3, May 20243.5.1, February 202315.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial licence availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageJavaJavaCC++Go
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infofull-text index on all search fieldsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (SphinxQL)yes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Proprietary protocolADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++ infounofficial client library
Java
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby infounofficial client library
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyesyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infono "single point of failure"partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supportedSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDnoACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache IoTDBCassandraPostgreSQLSphinxVitess
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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