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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQL.JS

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQL.JS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLPort of SQLite to JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score1244.08
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.63
Rank#241  Overall
#112  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgneo4j.comwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.postgresql.orgsql.js.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlneo4j.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasewww.postgresql.org/­docssql.js.org/­documentation/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaNeo4j, Inc.OraclePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by others
Initial release2013200719801989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2012
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.20, May 202423c, September 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageC++Java, ScalaC and C++CJavaScript
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnoyes infovia event handleryesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes using Neo4j FabricSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono infocan be realized in PL/SQLnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a file
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaNeo4jOraclePostgreSQLSQL.JS
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
News

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