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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. SAP HANA vs. ScyllaDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. SAP HANA vs. ScyllaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonScyllaDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMSIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceCassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score44.69
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score4.75
Rank#68  Overall
#5  Wide column stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlwww.scylladb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasehelp.sap.com/­hanadocs.scylladb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftOracleSAPScyllaDB
Initial release20131989198020102015
Current release4.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 20232.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoOpen Source (AGPL), commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoalso available as a cloud based serviceno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.Scylla Cloud: Create real-time applications that run at global scale with Scylla Cloud, the industry’s most powerful NoSQL DBaaS
Implementation languageC++C++C and C++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Appliance or cloud-serviceLinux
Data schemeyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infocluster global secondary indices
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol (CQL) infocompatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleSQLScript, Ryes, Lua
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioningyesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possible
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono infocan be realized in PL/SQLnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yesyes infoin-memory tables
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAccess rights for users can be defined per object
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft SQL ServerOracleSAP HANAScyllaDB
Specific characteristicsScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
» more
Typical application scenariosScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
» more
Key customersDiscord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
» more
Market metricsScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
» more

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft SQL ServerOracleSAP HANAScyllaDB
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