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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopIn-memory JavaScript DBMSMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMSA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.44
Rank#256  Overall
#40  Document stores
Score807.76
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1286.59
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#61  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­databasegithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmltechfort.github.io/­LokiJSlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasebytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftOracleByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20132014198919802016
Current release4.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaScriptC++C and C++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JavaScript APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaScriptC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaLokiJSMicrosoft SQL ServerOracleTerarkDB
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