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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Couchbase vs. HugeGraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Couchbase vs. HugeGraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. Neo4j

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseA fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score17.30
Rank#36  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score0.13
Rank#336  Overall
#32  Graph DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.couchbase.comgithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
github.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
neo4j.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchbase.comhugegraph.apache.org/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.ioneo4j.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCouchbase, Inc.BaiduVesoft Inc.Neo4j, Inc.
Initial release20132011201820192007
Current release4.1.0, June 2022Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 20230.95.19, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++C, C++, Go and ErlangJavaC++Java, Scala
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Unix
LinuxLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesStrong typed schemaschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesnoSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Groovy
Java
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++asynchronous Gremlin script jobsuser defined functionsyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
Triggersnoyes infovia the TAP protocolnoyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingAutomatic Shardingyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseShardingyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
yes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseCausal Clustering using Raft protocolCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesvia hugegraph-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoedges in graphyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoEphemeral bucketsyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.Users, roles and permissionsRole-based access controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseHugeGraphNebulaGraphNeo4j
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
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