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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument storeWide column storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasehbase.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablefirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasehbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Apache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoft
Initial release20132005201220082010
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 20232.3.4, January 2021V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ErlangJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free, schema definition possibleyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnononoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptlimited functionality with using 'rules'yes infoCoprocessors in JavaTransact SQL
TriggersnoyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleyesSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Firebase Realtime DatabaseHBaseMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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