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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Cassandra vs. Manticore Search vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Cassandra vs. Manticore Search vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonManticore Search  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessMulti-storage database for search, including full-text search.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Time Series DBMS infousing the Manticore Columnar LibraryDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.29
Rank#302  Overall
#21  Search engines
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score111.41
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgmanticoresearch.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestmanual.manticoresearch.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookManticore SoftwareMicrosoftDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release20132008201719892000
Current release4.1.0, June 20224.1.3, July 20236.0, February 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20223.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPL version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC++C++C
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Windows
server-less
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schemayesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesInt, Bigint, Float, Timestamp, Bit, Int array, Bigint array, JSON, Booleanyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoCan index from XMLyesno
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infofull-text index on all search fieldsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languageyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Binary API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP/SQL API
SQL over MySQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenouser defined functionsTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supportedtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSynchronous replication based on Galera libraryyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsyes infoisolated transactions for atomic changes and binary logging for safe writesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Manticore index.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCassandraManticore SearchMicrosoft SQL ServerSQLite
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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