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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. Cassandra vs. Dolt vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. Cassandra vs. Dolt vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonDolt  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn embedded key-value store for Go.Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA MySQL compatible DBMS with Git-like versioning of data and schemaMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.96
Rank#193  Overall
#90  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­boltdb/­boltcassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­dolthub/­dolt
www.dolthub.com
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.dolthub.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookDoltHub IncMicrosoft
Initial release20132013200820181989
Current release4.1.0, June 20224.1.3, July 2023SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoJavaGoC++
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnorestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
CLI Client
HTTP REST
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGoC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonoyes infocurrently in alpha releaseTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"nonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleA database can be cloned to multiple locations and be used there in isolation. Data/schema changes can be pushed/pulled explicitly between locations.yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoAccess rights for users can be defined per objectOnly one user is configurable, and must be specified in the config file at startupfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaBoltDBCassandraDoltMicrosoft SQL Server
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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