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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BaseX vs. Couchbase vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BaseX vs. Couchbase vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.A distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSNative XML DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.56
Rank#141  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score16.74
Rank#33  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgbasex.orgwww.couchbase.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.basex.orgdocs.couchbase.comwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaBaseX GmbHCouchbase, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2013200720111989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release4.1.0, June 202211.2, August 2024Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 202316.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC, C++, Go and ErlangC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infoXQuery supports typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCActionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++user defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyes infovia eventsyes infovia the TAP protocolyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneAutomatic Shardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanomultiple readers, single writerACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoEphemeral bucketsno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaBaseXCouchbase infoOriginally called MembasePostgreSQL
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