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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. ArangoDB vs. Cassandra vs. CouchDB vs. DuckDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. ArangoDB vs. Cassandra vs. CouchDB vs. DuckDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Wide column storeDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#88  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgarangodb.comcassandra.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgduckdb.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.arangodb.comcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stableduckdb.org/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeFacebookInstagram
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsArangoDB Inc.Apache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer
Initial release20122012200820052018
Current release29.0.1, April 20243.11.5, November 20234.1.3, July 20233.3.3, December 20230.10, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availableOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++JavaErlangC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-less
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJavaScriptnoView functions in JavaScriptno
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infosince version 2.0Sharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replication with configurable replication factorselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptyesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationships in graphsnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemyesAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseno
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidArangoDBCassandraCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DuckDB
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more
Apache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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