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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Datastax Enterprise vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Datastax Enterprise vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDatastax Enterprise  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.DataStax Enterprise (DSE) is the always-on, scalable data platform built on Apache Cassandra and designed for hybrid Cloud. DSE integrates graph, search, analytics, administration, developer tooling, and monitoring into a unified platform.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument storeWide column storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score5.80
Rank#60  Overall
#4  Wide column stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.datastax.com/­products/­datastax-enterprisewww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.datastax.comwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerDataStaxPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20122013200520111989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release29.0.1, April 20244.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 20236.8, April 202016.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++ErlangJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
LinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL); Spark SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language)
TinkerPop Gremlin infowith DSE Graph
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Sharding infono "single point of failure"partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
configurable replication factor, datacenter aware, advanced replication for edge computingSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Tunable Consistency infoconsistency level can be individually decided with each write operation
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidApache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Datastax EnterprisePostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsDataStax Enterprise is scale-out data infrastructure for enterprises that need to...
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Competitive advantagesSupporting the following application requirements: Zero downtime - Built on Apache...
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Typical application scenariosApplications that must be massively and linearly scalable with 100% uptime and able...
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Key customersCapital One, Cisco, Comcast, eBay, McDonald's, Microsoft, Safeway, Sony, UBS, and...
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Market metricsAmong the Forbes 100 Most Innovative Companies, DataStax is trusted by 5 of the top...
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Licensing and pricing modelsAnnual subscription
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More resources
Apache DruidApache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Datastax EnterprisePostgreSQL
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