DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. Splunk

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. Splunk

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Schema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storage

Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBase

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Widely used RDBMS

Analytics Platform for Big Data

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.90
Rank	#126	Overall
	#23	Document stores
	#60	Relational DBMS

Score	19.46
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1286.59
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	93.02
Rank	#13	Overall
	#2	Search engines

Website

drill.apache.org

www.firebirdsql.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.oracle.com/database

www.splunk.com

Technical documentation

drill.apache.org/docs

www.firebirdsql.org/en/reference-manuals

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.oracle.com/en/database

docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Firebird Foundation

Microsoft

Oracle

Splunk Inc.

Initial release

2012

2000

As fork of Borland's InterBase

1989

1980

2003

Current release

1.20.3, January 2023

5.0.1, August 2024

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Initial Developer's Public License

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Limited free edition and free developer edition available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C and C++

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less

Firebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliant

yes

with proprietary extensions

Splunk Search Processing Language for search commands

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC

Jaybird
ODBC
OLE DB

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

HTTP REST

Supported programming languages

C++

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C#
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

PSQL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

can be realized in PL/SQL

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

A 'Transaction' in Splunk has a different meaning: grouping related events into a single one for later searching

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Features a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writers

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Depending on the underlying data source

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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