DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PlanetScale vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PlanetScale vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Scalable, distributed, serverless MySQL database platform built on top of Vitess

A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	76.78
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	1.49
Rank	#155	Overall
	#72	Relational DBMS

Score	1.02
Rank	#190	Overall
	#33	Document stores
	#18	Graph DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

planetscale.com

surrealdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

planetscale.com/docs

surrealdb.com/docs

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Microsoft

PlanetScale

SurrealDB Ltd

Initial release

2012

2010

2020

2022

Current release

V12

v1.5.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Rust

Server operating systems

hosted

Docker
Linux
macOS

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC

GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

Transact SQL

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

yes, with always 3 replicas available

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID at shard level

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

yes, based on authentication and database rules

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