DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Access vs. MySQL vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. PostgreSQL
System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Access vs. MySQL vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. PostgreSQL
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| Name | Amazon Redshift Xexclude from comparison | Microsoft Access Xexclude from comparison | MySQL Xexclude from comparison | Oracle NoSQL Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools | Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries.  The Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.) | Widely used open source RDBMS | A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS Key/Value like access via memcached API | Document store Key-value store Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | aws.amazon.com/redshift | www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/access | www.mysql.com | www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql | www.postgresql.org | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift | developer.microsoft.com/en-us/access | dev.mysql.com/doc | docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html | www.postgresql.org/docs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Amazon (based on PostgreSQL) | Microsoft | Oracle since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun | Oracle | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2012 | 1992 | 1995 | 2011 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019 | 8.4.0, April 2024 | 24.1, May 2024 | 16.3, May 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial | commercial Bundled with Microsoft Office | Open Source GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available | Open Source Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details) | Open Source BSD | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | yes | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | C | C++ | C and C++ | Java | C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | hosted | Windows Not a real database server, but making use of DLLs | FreeBSD Linux OS X Solaris Windows | Linux Solaris SPARC/x86 | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes | yes | yes | Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them. | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | optional | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | restricted | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes does not fully support an SQL-standard | yes but not compliant to any SQL standard | yes with proprietary extensions | SQL-like DML and DDL statements | yes standard with numerous extensions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | JDBC ODBC | ADO.NET DAO ODBC OLE DB | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC Proprietary native API | RESTful HTTP API | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC | C C# C++ Delphi Java (JDBC-ODBC) VBA Visual Basic.NET | Ada C C# C++ D Delphi Eiffel Erlang Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl | C C# Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | user defined functions in Python | yes since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine | yes proprietary syntax | no | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | no | yes since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine | yes | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | none | horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric | Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes | none | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no | with Hadoop integration | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency depending on configuration | Immediate Consistency | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes informational only, not enforced by the system | yes | yes not for MyISAM storage engine | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | ACID but no files for transaction logging | ACID not for MyISAM storage engine | configurable ACID within a storage node (=shard) | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes table locks or row locks depending on storage engine | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes but no files for transaction logging | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes | yes | yes off heap cache | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | no a simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003 | Users with fine-grained authorization concept no user groups or roles | Access rights for users and roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Amazon Redshift | Microsoft Access | MySQL | Oracle NoSQL | PostgreSQL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years Increased popularity for consuming DBMS services out of the cloud | MS Access drops in DB-Engines Ranking Microsoft SQL Server regained rank 2 in the DB-Engines popularity ranking New DB-Engines Ranking shows the popularity of database management systems | MySQL is the DBMS of the Year 2019 MariaDB strengthens its position in the open source RDBMS market The struggle for the hegemony in Oracle's database empire | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 How Swisscom automated Amazon Redshift as part of their One Data Platform solution using AWS CDK – Part 1 ... Amazon Redshift Serverless is now available in the AWS Middle East (UAE) region - AWS Amazon Redshift Serverless is now generally available in the AWS China (Ningxia) Region - AWS Integrate Tableau and Okta with Amazon Redshift using AWS IAM Identity Center | Amazon Web Services Amazon Redshift adds new AI capabilities, including Amazon Q, to boost efficiency and productivity | Amazon Web ... provided by Google News Abusing Microsoft Access "Linked Table" Feature to Perform NTLM Forced Authentication Attacks - Check Point Research Hackers Exploit Microsoft Access Feature to Steal Windows User’s NTLM Tokens After installing Navisworks, Office 2016 (32-bit) applications stopped launching How to Connect MS Access to MySQL via ODBC Driver MS access program to increase awareness and independence of those living with MS and disability provided by Google News Let's take a look at Oracle's love and hate relationship with open source software Amazon Aurora MySQL version 2 (with MySQL 5.7 compatibility) to version 3 (with MySQL 8.0 compatibility) upgrade ... Enterprise Manager: How Comcast enhanced monitoring for MySQL InnoDB Clusters Early MySQL engineer questions whether Oracle is unintentionally killing off the open source database Zendesk Moves from DynamoDB to MySQL and S3 to Save over 80% in Costs provided by Google News OpenWorld 2013: Oracle NoSQL Database On the Rise? Blog Theme - Details We built a geo-distributed, serverless modern app using the Oracle NoSQL Database Cloud Service Oracle NoSQL database comes to the cloud Oracle Defends Relational DBs Against NoSQL Competitors provided by Google News Timescale unveils high-performance AI vector database extensions for PostgreSQL PostgreSQL is Now Faster than Pinecone, 75% Cheaper, with New Open Source Extensions PostgreSQL Tutorial: Definition, Commands, & Features A New Era AI Databases: PostgreSQL with pgvectorscale Outperforms Pinecone and Cuts Costs by 75% with New Open-Source Extensions Raise the bar on AI-powered app development with Azure Database for PostgreSQL provided by Google News | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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