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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenMLDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenMLDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOpenMLDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSAn open-source machine learning database that provides a feature platform for training and inference
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score16.88
Rank#35  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.10
Rank#359  Overall
#36  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serveropenmldb.ai
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serveropenmldb.ai/­docs/­zh/­main
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Thomas MuellerMicrosoftMicrosoft4 Paradigm Inc.
Initial release20122005201019892020
Current release2.2.220, July 2023V12SQL Server 2022, November 20222024-2 February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageCJavaC++C++C++, Java, Scala
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesFixed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyesyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJava.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin PythonJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationhorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftH2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft SQL ServerOpenMLDB
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