DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. GridDB vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. GridDB vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Scalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big Data

High performance Time Series DBMS

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	2.09
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Time Series DBMS

Score	7.71
Rank	#49	Overall
	#2	Time Series DBMS
	#1	Vector DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

griddb.net

kx.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.griddb.net

code.kx.com

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.nebula-graph.io

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Toshiba Corporation

Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc

Microsoft

Vesoft Inc.

Initial release

2012

2013

2000

kdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003

2014

2019

Current release

5.1, August 2022

3.6, May 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also available

commercial

free 32-bit version

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Strong typed schema

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

numerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestamp

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

table attribute 'grouped'

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)

SQL-like query language (q)

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

with views

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Connector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobs

similar paradigm used for internal processing

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containers

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID at container level

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users can be defined per database

rights management via user accounts

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

GridDB is a highly scalable, in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and...
» more

Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

1. Optimized for IoT Equipped with Toshiba's proprietary key-container data model...
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provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

Factory IoT, Automative Industry, Energy, BEMS, Smart Community, Monitoring system.
» more

tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Denso International [see use case ] An Electric Power company [see use case ] Ishinomaki...
» more

Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

GitHub trending repository
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kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Licensing and pricing models

Open Source license (AGPL v3 & Apache v2) Commercial license (subscription)
» more

upon request
» more

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.