DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Greenplum vs. Hive vs. NebulaGraph vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Greenplum vs. Hive vs. NebulaGraph vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database

A logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	8.08
Rank	#48	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	59.76
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	3.25
Rank	#89	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#13	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

greenplum.org

hive.apache.org

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

orientdb.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.greenplum.org

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

docs.nebula-graph.io

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Pivotal Software Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Vesoft Inc.

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Initial release

2012

2005

2012

2019

2010

Current release

7.0.0, September 2023

3.1.3, April 2022

3.2.29, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

since Version 4.2

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

C++
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

Java, Javascript

Triggers

yes

Hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
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