DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Oracle vs. ScyllaDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Oracle vs. ScyllaDB vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Widely used RDBMS

Cassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column store

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	4.36
Rank	#72	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	4.08
Rank	#76	Overall
	#5	Wide column stores

Score	2.07
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

cloud.google.com/datastore

www.oracle.com/database

www.scylladb.com

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database

docs.scylladb.com

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Google

Oracle

ScyllaDB

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2012

2008

1980

2015

2010

Current release

23c, September 2023

ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 2024

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Open Source (AGPL), commercial license available

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Scylla Cloud: Create real-time applications that run at global scale with Scylla Cloud, the industry’s most powerful NoSQL DBaaS

Implementation language

C and C++

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, details here

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

cluster global secondary indices

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like query language (GQL)

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Proprietary protocol (CQL)

compatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

using Google App Engine

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

yes, Lua

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

in-memory tables

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

ScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
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Competitive advantages

Highly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
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Typical application scenarios

ScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
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Key customers

Discord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
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Market metrics

ScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
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Licensing and pricing models

ScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
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