DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. GBase vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. GBase vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app development

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Primary database model

column oriented

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	15.25
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	1.11
Rank	#173	Overall
	#78	Relational DBMS

Score	5.75
Rank	#58	Overall
	#7	Search engines

Score	3.28
Rank	#83	Overall
	#45	Relational DBMS

Score	72.95
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.gbase.cn

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/search

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/search

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2004

2015

2019

2010

Current release

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

cloud service with continuous releases

V12

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, Java, Python

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

hosted

Data scheme

yes

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

Standard with numerous extensions

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
Java
JavaScript
Python

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

yes, with always 3 replicas available

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

using Azure authentication

Azure Active Directory Authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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