DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Firebird vs. OrientDB vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Firebird vs. OrientDB vs. Solr

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBase

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Search engine

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	20.50
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Score	3.25
Rank	#89	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#13	Key-value stores

Score	41.02
Rank	#24	Overall
	#3	Search engines

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.firebirdsql.org

orientdb.org

solr.apache.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.firebirdsql.org/en/reference-manuals

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

solr.apache.org/resources.html

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Firebird Foundation

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2000

As fork of Borland's InterBase

2010

2006

Current release

5.0.0, January 2024

3.2.29, March 2024

9.6.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Initial Developer's Public License

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less

Firebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

All OS with a Java VM

runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

supports customizable data types and automatic typing

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

SQL-like query language, no joins

Solr Parallel SQL Interface

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC

Jaybird
ODBC
OLE DB

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

PSQL

Java, Javascript

Java plugins

Triggers

yes

Hooks

yes

User configurable commands triggered on index changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

could be achieved with distributed queries

spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Features a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writers

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

yes

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