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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle vs. SQL.JS

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle vs. SQL.JS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Widely used RDBMSPort of SQLite to JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#252  Overall
#116  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.oracle.com/­databasesql.js.org
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasecloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasesql.js.org/­documentation/­index.html
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Google infoacquired by Google 2014GoogleOracleAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by others
Initial release20122012201719802012
Current release23c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC and C++JavaScript
Server operating systemshostedhostedhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonlimited functionality with using 'rules'noPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
TriggersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a file
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftFirebase Realtime DatabaseGoogle Cloud SpannerOracleSQL.JS
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