DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Elasticsearch vs. Firebolt vs. Graph Engine vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Elasticsearch vs. Firebolt vs. Graph Engine vs. Neo4j

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Highly scalable cloud data warehouse and analytics product

Forked from Clickhouse

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	132.83
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	1.73
Rank	#140	Overall
	#63	Relational DBMS

Score	0.67
Rank	#232	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#34	Key-value stores

Score	44.89
Rank	#21	Overall
	#1	Graph DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

www.firebolt.io

www.graphengine.io

neo4j.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

docs.firebolt.io

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

neo4j.com/docs

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Elastic

Firebolt Analytics Inc.

Microsoft

Neo4j, Inc.

Initial release

2012

2010

2020

2010

2007

Current release

8.6, January 2023

5.20, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Elastic License

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

GPL version3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.

Implementation language

Java

.NET and C

Java, Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

.NET

Linux

Can also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

schema-free and schema-optional

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

pluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

.Net
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM

Object Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

User defined Procedures and Functions

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

via event handler

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

yes using Neo4j Fabric

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

depending on storage layer

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

available in in Enterprise Version only

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
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Market metrics

Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
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Licensing and pricing models

GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
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